FISH CULTURE

SHRIMP   LOBSTER   FOR   HEALTH   BENEFITS 1.   protein Lobster   is   a very   good   source of protein .   Protein   is important   for our bodies   for energy production   and stabilization of   blood   sugar .   It also helps   you lose weight.   Lobster   higher protein content   than   chicken   and   beef ,   while   its   lower   calorie   than meat,   chicken   and   beef . 2.   Omega -3   fatty   acids Lobster meat   contains   omega -3   fatty   acids   in   high amounts .   Omega -3   fatty   acids important   for   preventing   heart   disease   and   maintaining heart health .   It has been   proven that   people who are   at high risk for   heart problems , benefit from the   lobster   because omega-3 content   in it . 3.   Helps   you lose weight Lobster   is   an excellent   food   choice   for people   who   want to change your   lifestyle ,   and making it   healthier   and better .   Lobster   is very   low fat , low   calorie   and low   cholesterol ,   but still p

VISUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FISHERY PRODUCTS CONTAINING SUBSTANCE DYES The use of dyes as additives in foods aimed at giving the impression of attractive , uniform color and improve fishing . Dyes there are 3 ( three ), namely : natural dyes, which is identical with natural dyes and synthetic dyes . Dyes commonly used in fishery products are synthetic dyes such as Rhodamin B , Wantex , ponceau 3 R and c mettanyl yellow which actually used to dye textiles and paints . These dyes are not allowed for human consumption ( No. Permenkes . 239 of 1985 ) because they contain heavy metals and are thought to cause cancer . The dye is banned : Rhodamin B , c methanyl yellow , orange RN , erythrosine , tatrazine , yellow FCF , Brilliant Blue , Ponceau 4 R , etc. . The dye is allowed: Auromino etc. . Dye substances on health effects : When consuming products containing banned dye which can lead to: - Bladder

requirements in the cultivation of freshwater fish In cultivating fish in the pool or pond there are some requirements that need to be known, including among others : 1. Water Sources In the selection of places to fish farming need to pay attention to water resources . These water sources must be sufficient and adequate . These water sources can come from rivers , irrigation flow , as well as springs. water source available throughout the year as far as possible with adequate discharge . one example in a goldfish requires a water supply with a debit 10-16 liters / sec / ha . 2. Soil type and slope in building a pool should pay attention to soil type and slope . ponds are built should have a clay type of soil or sandy loam (sandy clay ) so it is not porous . The slope of the land used for fish culture should have a slope of 50-10 degrees and water conditions will thus facilitate the drainage of wat

Shrimp Disease: Disease Yellowhead Cause: Yellow Head Virus (YHD), corona-like RNA virus (genus Okavirus, family Ronaviridae and the order Nidovirales) Bio - Ecology of Pathogens: • Krustase sensitive to infection with this virus include: Penaeus monodon, P. merguensis, P. semisulcatus, Metapenaeus ensis, Litopenaeus vannamei, etc.. • Shrimp black tiger shrimp is a very sensitive species, in acute cases can result in the death of up to 100% within 3.5 days since the first clinical symptoms appear. • Transmission occurs horizontally through the water shrimp or cannibalism to feed a sick or infected. • Post larvae (PL) shrimp aged <15 days relative resisters against infection with this virus compared with 20-25 days old PL or juveniles. • The molecular (DNA sequencing) from products of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of yellow head virus have similarities to the gill-associated virus (Gav), although different species or strains. Clinical Sympto

Macrobranchium White Tail Disease (Disease White Tail On Shrimp Galah) Cause: Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) and extra small virus (XSV) Bio - Ecology of Pathogens: • Host disease that is highly species specific prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) • Malignancy: high, within 2-3 days off 100% of the population in the seed. • Through the artificial infection in OT, clinical symptoms and mortality that occurs with natural infection, whereas the adult shrimp, followed by the emergence of the soft sepalotorak structure of two fluid-filled pouch bulging on either side of hepatopancreas. • Clinical symptoms of the same, resembling branchiostegite blister disease (BBD) followed by the deaths reported occurred in pond rearing prawns. • Distribution: India and Southeast Asia (Thailand). Clinical symptoms • Weak, anorexia and abdominal muscles in white on the OT. • The condition was gradually extended to the two sides resulting in degeneration of telson and uropod. • T

Fish Disease: vibriosis in shrimp Cause: Vibrio harveyii, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus. etc.. Bio - Ecology Pathogens • vibriosis in shrimp larvae commonly as secondary infection, especially when under stress and weak. • Bacterial infections are usually associated with stress conditions due to: high density, malnutrition, poor handling. parasitic infections, high organic matter, low oxygen. poor water quality. extreme fluctuations in water temperature. etc.. • The attack is acute, and if environmental conditions continue to decline, which caused the death can reach 100%. particularly in post-larvae or juvenile stage. Clinical symptoms: • Body of shrimp look dull and dirty. • decreased appetite, damage to the legs and gills, gill or brownish color. • Types of Vibrio spp. which generally attacks the larvae glow shrimp and prawn disease disease called glow (luminescent vibriosis). • Shrimp affected showed symptoms of necrosis, the condition of the body is weak, slow swim, appetit

fish disease: vibriosis in fish Cause: Vibrio alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. ordalii, etc.. Bio - Ecology Pathogens • Bacteria in sea water ecosystems, and vibirosis still is a major problem for marine fish farming industry. • The case of vibriosis can occur throughout the year, but commonly associated with stress due to handling, high density or changes in extreme weather. • The death rate of fish at the larval stage up to the size fingerlings are attacked by the bacteria may reach 80-90%. Clinical Symptoms: • Weak, loss of appetite, swim in the water surface, and opaque color. • Inflammation of the rectum, gills, mouth, base of fin, followed by bleeding and blisters on the surface of the body, as well as open wounds. • In advanced infection of bleeding in the mouth and base of fins, excess mucus in the gills, dropsy, pale liver color. and eyes swollen. Diagnosis • Isolation and identification of bacteria through a bio-chemical tests Control: • Disinfection of a

Fish Disease: Edwarsiellosis Cause: Edwarsiella tarda Bio-Ecology Pathogens: • curved rod-shaped bacteria, gram-negative character moves with the aid of flagella, do not form spores or capsules, are facultative anaerobes, and able to produce H2S. • Found in freshwater environments and sea water, infecting several species of fish include: salmon, catfish, carp, tilapia. etc.. • Transmission of horizontally ie contact between host one with another host or through water. • Generally occurs at a relatively high water temperature (± 30 degrees Celsius) and high organic matter content. • The death rate depends on environmental conditions, in very poor conditions can lead to death by 50%. Clinical Symptoms: • In mild infections, revealing only minor injuries. • As the development of more advanced disease, purulent wound developed in the ribs and stomach muscles. • Pale, bloated stomach containing a yellowish liquid or redness, bleeding of the rectum and / or depressed into the anus, and eyes

Seaweed and Grouper, Mainstay Aquaculture Maluku Province Maluku provincial aquaculture production in 2009 reached 50,915 tons from mariculture, aquaculture and freshwater aquaculture. Seaweed, grouper, sea cucumbers and shrimp are aquaculture commodities Maluku province. In 2009, the four commodities, production amounted to 47,782.6 tons, 1810.7 tons, 522.4 tons and 166.3 tons. In addition, the Moluccas are also famous for pearl cultivation which have. When viewed under cultivation commodities then seen that the Moluccas potential for marine aquaculture development, especially for seaweed, grouper and oysters with pearls. It is the province of Maluku is potential for the development of the three commodities. Judging from the structure of the region, this province is an island province and the province is surrounded by a sea that is still awake. Province which is located at position 2? 30? 9? south latitude and 124? - 136? east longitude, the lurid sea borders in the north, the seas of

Bacterial Fin / Tail Rot / Pseudomoniasis Cause: Pseudomonas spp. BioEkologi Pathogens: • It is a gram-negative bacteria and non-spore. These bacteria are aerobic. with a size of 3 um x 0.5 um, motile, producing fluorescent pigment. and breed in soil and water. • Hazardous mainly on freshwater fish (although it also can attack sea fish and brackish) and can result in high mortality due to infectious disease in quick time when water conditions allow. • Transmission and spread of disease through direct contact with fish that are sick or with the polluted environment. • The attacks can occur when fish are vulnerable or weakened by hunger. the feed is not suitable. cold, or water conditions are not good. Clinical Symptoms • Fish weak to move slowly. breathe gasping at the surface of the water. • Color pale gills and a dark body color change. • There are patches of red on the outside of his body and damage to the fins, gills and skin • excessive mucus at first, then emerged bleeding • fin a

Streptococciasis Disease Cause: Streptococcus agalactiae, S. iniae, Bio - Ecology of pathogens: • gram-positive bacteria, small round (cocci), joined chain-like, non-motile, transparent and smooth colonies. • Streptococcus iniae Infection often occurs in sea water fish farming (snapper, grouper), whereas S. agalactiae is more commonly found in freshwater fish farming (tilapia). • The pattern of attacks are generally two types of bacteria are chronic - acute. • Target organs of infection of Streptococcus spp. commonly found in the brain and eyes. so-called "syndrome, meningoencephalitis and panophthalmitis". The disease is frequently reported in intensive aquaculture systems, aquatic environment calm (stagnant) and / or recirculation systems, • Cumulatively, the attack of this disease can cause mortality of 30-100% of the total population during the maintenance period: and this disease is a potential obstacle that must be anticipated with respect to intensification and i

Columnaris Disease Cause: Flavobacterium columnare or Fexibacterium columnare Bio-Ecology of pathogens: • Bacteria gram negative, small rod-shaped, movable slide, and there in freshwater ecosystems. • The nature of these bacteria are grouped to form a collection such as the column. • The attacks often occur in groups of fish after transportation. • The nature of the attacks are generally sub-acute - acute, when the dominant gill as a target organ, the fish will suffocate and the resulting deaths could reach 100%. Clinical symptoms: • sores around the mouth, head, body or fins. Brownish white sores then develop into ulcers. • infection around the mouth, looks like the lining of yarn (thread-like) so it is often called the disease "mouth fungus". • All around the wound is covered by the bright yellow pigment. • If the infected gills, damage starts from the tip of the gill filaments and spread to the base, filaments eventually rot and fall out (gill rot). Diagnosis: • Observatio

Fish Cultivation in Confined Land With the new method, carp can now be grown in a narrow area, such as in the yard or the corner, home. The notion that the cultivation of carp to be done in the vast wetland is now living myth. Today carp can be cultivated in any location, whether in rural or urban, in the pool tarp, plastic or tub. That way, carp can be an alternative to people who want to earn extra income on the land around their homes. Fisheries Society Archipelago (PERMINA) Cultivation Training will hold a carp on a narrow land-based Guba biotic System Based Probiotic on Sunday, March 6, 2011 in Kampung carp Jambida, Bantul. Yogyakarta, With a practical resource, Kalimantan, Java carp tissue holder, carp farmers, and agribusiness consultant. Besides the introduction to the basics of carp cultivation correctly, in Gubug PERMINA Training is focused on direct practice in the pool, good pond, nesting, breeding and rearing, so they can run interactive and applicable. Training is open to

Isopodiasis (fish disease) Cause: Nerocilla orbiguyi, Alitropus typus, etc.. Bio-Ecology Pathogens: • Isopod which is a blood-eating parasites 'blood feeder' relatively large size (10-50 mm), and its body consists of several segments that are equipped with a pair of eyes. • infected at all stages of fish and most fish are susceptible to parasitic infections, especially in the fish scales. • Sticking to the body surface of fish, in the mouth, nostrils or gill cover. • Transmission occurs horizontally, and the trigger between because of water conditions and high density. Clinical Symptoms: • Wounds and bleeding at the site of the bite, and this looks visually parasites attached to the body of the fish, especially under the scales or on the base of the fin. • Loss of balance, weakness, and decreased appetite. • Nekrosa the gill or skin tissue of fish. • slow-growing fish, often resulting in death due to anemia or due to secondary infection by bacteria. Diagnosis: • Visually looks

Argulosis (fish disease) Cause: Argulus sp. Bio-Ecology Pathogens: • The parasite is known as "fish lice" and sucking blood, is flat. and more looks like a plate. • Hurt fish body with the help of cytolytic enzymes, in addition to the skin, ticks are also frequently found in fish gills under the cap. • Almost all freshwater fish species susceptible to this parasite infection. • In high-intensity attacks. Adult fish can suffer death from lack of blood. Clinical Symptoms: • Visually it looks like a flea parasites that attach to the body of the fish. accompanied by bleeding around the bite. • skin irritation, loss of balance, swimming in a zig-zag, jump into the water and rubbed his body on hard objects around him. Diagnosis: • Visually looks a parasite that attach to the fish body Control: • Draining of the pond, followed by calcification. • Soaking can be done by: ✓ Dylox solution at doses of 0.25 ppm for 24 hours or more in the pool. ✓ solution of Ammonium chloride (NH4CI) at

Worms In Fish Gills Cause: Haliotrema spp., Psedorhabdosynochus spp. Bio-Ecology Pathogens: • Ekto-parasites are obligate parasitic • infect the gills of fish mariculture. Two or possibly three species belong to the genus monogenea Pseudorhabdosynochus namely Pseudorhabdosynochus latesi. P. monosquamodiscusi, and Diplectanum penangi, while P. epinepheli found in groups of grouper. Clinical Symptoms: • pale body color, decreased appetite, lean, and slow • Respiratory frequency increased and the production of excess mucus in the gills • Gather / closer to the water inlet • Gills pale or swollen so that the open operculum Diagnosis: • Visual observation of behavior and clinical symptoms that arise • Microscopic observation to see morphology parasites through the production segment of the organ gill preparations. Control: • Reducing the levels of dissolved organic material and / or increase the frequency of water changes • worm attacked fish gill with the level and intensity of the low pre