PRINCIPLES OF POND FISH CULTURE 1. Fish are dependent for food directly or indirectly on plants. 2. The weight of fish which can be produced in natural waters is dependent upon the ability of the water to raise the plants. We could increase production by adding plant organic matter produced elsewhere. 3. The ability of water to produce plants is dependent upon sunshine, temperature, CO2, Mineral from soil or rocks, nitrogen (NO3- and NH4-) , O2 and water. 4. The Natural fertility of the water is dependent on the fertility of the soil in pond bottom and watershed. 5. Fertlity of water can be increased by adding inorganic fertilizers. 6. After adding all essential minerals and all available nitrogen, the next limiting factor is CO2. This compound can be increased by adding organic matter followed by liming (Ca, Mg). 7. The next limiting factor in fish production, after mineral and CO2 are provided, is oxygen demand of all living and dead organisms in the water. This can be supplied by ru...
Catfish. Catfish (Clarias sp) is a freshwater fish the second most widely produced in Indonesia through aquaculture. In 2010, production reached 270.6 thousand tonnes of catfish. There are three species of catfish are grown in Indonesia, namely the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), local catfish (c. Batrachus), and catfish keli (c. Maladerma) African catfish is an introduced species, while the local catfish and catfish keli are native species. In addition, it has produced two varieties of catfish superior, namely catfish and catfish sangkuriang phiton. Catfish is one of the superior fish that can be cultivated in various containers and aquatic environment, and can be stocked with high density.
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