FISH CULTURE

Jelawat fish reproduction. Jelawat fish begin spawning at the beginning of the rainy season, which is in October-November. During the rainy season, jelawat able to spawn spawning 2-3 times. When rain and rain water flooded the surrounding area, jelawat began to spawning. The fish are mature gonads migratory into estuaries and perform spawning morning accompanied rintikan rainwater. Jelawat egg is floating. The fertilized eggs were then taken to the water flow downstream and hatch during the trip. Children jelawat measuring 2 cm -3 will arise to the surface of the water and swim in droves along the banks of the river, upstream against the current. While children jelawat size 4- 5 cm glad to be in places that are protected from sunlight that water is rather calm. Jelawat can spawning naturally in ponds, but only spawn at the start of the rainy season. Jelawat fish do not spawn outside the rainy season. To overcome that is then applied to the artificial spawning techniques (induced breedi

Food and fish Eating habits Jelawat Jelawat fish including species of fish omnivorous (omnivores but are more likely to eat plants or tend herbivores (plant-eating) fish food jelawat as seeds of fruits, flowers and young leaves of aquatic plants and small animals in water. While the kids jelawat like plankton, algae, aquatic insects and larvae. In fish farming, fish jelawat can be given cassava, cassava leaves, papaya leaves, taro leaves, coconut pulp, chicken intestines meat that has been minced fish , and so on. To use the pellets as feed in aquaculture jelawat preferably contains between 25-30% protein were given as much as 3-4% of the total weight for enlargement. As a pet parent to be given pellets containing 35-38% protein as much as 2 -3 % total weight of fish. From the shape of the mouth known that jelawat prefers to drift Jelawat food including fish that feed by grabbing way. Source: M.Ghufron H. Kordi K., fish farming in fresh water consumption. 2013. fish farming

Constraints in aquaculture 1. The area of ​​cultivation narrowing 2. Low cultivation technology 3. Prices of agricultural products purchased lower farm level. 3. Means inadequate infrastructure 4. The low level of capital 5. Human resources moving to the farm on the wane fish farming

Red New Guinea Rainbowfish. This fish species is really impressive. androgynous male fish have a high hump at the back of the head that slightly tapered. The males also have a deep red color. The second characteristic mentioned above is not contained in a female fish are smaller. DETAILS OF Size: Males up to 15 cm (6 inches): while the females are much smaller fish. The origin of the fish: Papua New Guinea to the north. Ease maintained that is easy to moderate direction. Breeding: Eggs scattered among the vegetation often at existing plants in the bottom of the pond or water with delicate leaves such as Java moss (Vesiculara dubyona) and takes up to about a week to hatch their eggs.

MINA CHICKEN. Mina chicken (fish and chicken) is one of the integrated aquaculture business, business management system mina chicken is no different with the management of fish farming in ponds, while raising chickens as is generally done. Chicken coop built on top of the pool or at the edge of the pond fish so chicken manure and leftover chicken feed will fall into a fish pond. The advantages of integrated fish farm chicken mina, among others, (a) utilize the vacant land area above the fish pond; (B) utilizing the chicken manure is used as fertilizer for the pond; (C) chicken food scraps that fall into the pool can be used to feed the fish; and (d) the use of land for fisheries and livestock diversification. Shortage of integrated fish farm chicken mina among others, (a) which have not been dried chicken manure which falls into the pool cause odor; (B) if the rest of the chicken manure and residual feed falls into the pool can lead to excessive enrichment of the pool so that there wil

damselfish. damselfish (Anabas testudineus) is a native species of fish common Indonesian waters. In Borneo, the damselfish is a freshwater fish of high economic value and has a high price. In East Kalimantan, the price is very high consumption damselfish, reaching Rp70.000,00 - Rp100,000,00 / kg, while in Sumatra between Rp 20.000,00 / kg - Rp40.000,00 / kg. This fish is very easy to be cultivated because it can live in stagnant waters minimal oxygen lack of oxygen. In Borneo and Sumatra, damselfish is one freshwater fish arrest in nature very intensive, This is seen from the damselfish production in some areas continues to increase each year. In East Kalimantan, in 2004 the production of the damselfish 91 tons increased to 150 tonnes in 2005. Prices are high damselfish encourage intensive arrest so feared causing over fishing that will ultimately threaten the damselfish populations in the wild.

Swamp. Swamp is an area of ​​low land which always has a sensitivity of stagnant water at a certain time and throughout the year. Swamp water sources include rainwater, water overflow due to the propagation of tides and water overflow flooding upstream. Based on water resources, wetlands can be divided into tidal marsh and nonpasang downs. Tidal marsh is low land water bodies dipengaruh by tidal movement. Tidal marsh water bodies in direct contact with the river so that the acidity is reduced. Habitat conditions are relatively fertile and inhabited by more aquatic organisms. Species composition of aquatic fauna that inhabit the marsh area is dominated by the river fish. Moving water bodies in accordance with the movement of the tide. This opens the possibility to apply the method of raising fish in the river, which is the method cage and tidal pools. While nonpasang receding swamp called the Valley is an area that has a low sensitivity and stagnant water from rainfall or overflow flood

Catfish. Catfish (Clarias sp) is a freshwater fish the second most widely produced in Indonesia through aquaculture. In 2010, production reached 270.6 thousand tonnes of catfish. There are three species of catfish are grown in Indonesia, namely the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), local catfish (c. Batrachus), and catfish keli (c. Maladerma) African catfish is an introduced species, while the local catfish and catfish keli are native species. In addition, it has produced two varieties of catfish superior, namely catfish and catfish sangkuriang phiton. Catfish is one of the superior fish that can be cultivated in various containers and aquatic environment, and can be stocked with high density.

Popular fishes. Among freshwater fish cultivated, some species are popular fish, either because it is the most widely cultivated fish, lead fish, or as a food fish that has long been known. a. Goldfish. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) is the oldest fish in the history of freshwater aquaculture in Indonesia. Even goldfish is the most widely cultivated fish in Indonesia until 2003. In 2003-2004 carp aquaculture in Indonesia experienced a disease KHV (Koi Herpes Virus) are terrible. Until late 2004, the center of cultivation centers carp was destroyed, however, the cultivation of carp remain in demand. In 2010, the national fish production reached 267.1 thousand tons, which ranks third after tilapia and catfish. b. Nila. Currently tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica) is the belle of freshwater fish in Indonesia. National tilapia production in 2010 reached 491.8 thousand tons, which was ranked first. Farmed tilapia absorbed the local and export markets. Tilapia is also the most fish produce new varieties

Ornamental Fish Indian Glassfish Indian Glassfish (Chanda ranga) This fish is a fish that is beautiful and soft. Fish is popular in the 1980s. This fish is also known as a fish painted or disco GlassFish. Details Type: Size: 6 cm (2 ¼ inches) Origins: Myanmar (Burma), India, Thailand. maintenance: Water: This fish prefers hard water, up to 3 teaspoons of salt added to each 4.5 liters (1 gallon imperial) water. Temperature: 18-25 degrees Celsius (64-77 degrees F) Food: regular use of artificial feed or food of life.

Ornamental Fish Indian Glassfish Indian Glassfish (Chanda ranga) This fish is a fish that is beautiful and soft. Fish is popular in the 1980s. This fish is also known as a fish painted or disco GlassFish. Details Type: Size: 6 cm (2 ¼ inches) Origins: Myanmar (Burma), India, Thailand. maintenance: Water: This fish prefers hard water, up to 3 teaspoons of salt added to each 4.5 liters (1 gallon imperial) water. Temperature: 18-25 degrees Celsius (64-77 degrees F) Food: regular use of artificial feed or food of life.

Fish as Food Health and Pharmacy. The notion that fish and aquatic biota important role in health and human intelligence has been proven by experts. In the last 25 years a lot of scientific discoveries from the world of nutrition and health experts who prove that fish and other seafood species is very good for health and human intelligence (Fridman, 1998 in Dahuri, 2003). In fact due to seafood containing an average of 20% digestible protein with essential amino acid composition is balanced. Fish also contains omega-3 which is very important for the development of brain tissue and prevent heart disease, stroke, and high blood pressure. Experts prove that omega-3 fatty acids play an important role in the growth process of nerve cells, including brain cells, so as to improve intelligence, especially in children who are undergoing a process of growth and development. Deficiencies in eating foods that contain omega-3 resulted in a number of mental disorders: depression, poor memory, low in

utilization of freshwater fish consumption. 1. foodstuffs 2. The health food and pharmaceutical 3. industrial raw materials 4. ornamental fish 5. The science and technology 1. Food Ingredients. fish and aquatic biota (water) is generally a highly nutritious food and have exploited mankind since humans began hunting. Humans who live around rivers, lakes, and marine capture and picked up a variety of aquatic biota to eaten raw or cooked. Initially, the fish is only used as a side dish. For residents as its main food ingredients rich in carbohydrates such as rice, corn, bananas, cassava, sago, and the other, the only fish in the complement every meal. Even in certain communities, fish consumed only at certain times. While still a child, the author often hear the words "do not eat a lot of fish, worms later." The words spoken by the parents to their children because of their ignorance about the nutritional value of fish. Therefore, the level of fish consumption of Indonesia

PROSPECTS OF FISH FARMING IN FRESH WATER CONSUMPTION. In 2011, Indonesia produced about 10.4 million tons of fish consisting of production of 5.1 million tonnes capture fisheries and aquaculture or aquaculture amounted to 5.3 million tons. Capture fisheries production of 5.1 million tonnes has already reached the optimum point or solid catch (full fishing) that it can not be improved anymore. Capture fisheries production of 5.1 million tons are already approaching the limits of international commitments regarding the production of fishing is only allowed to reach 80%. Indonesia's fishery potential, particularly marine fisheries, amounting to 6.4 million tons in the sustainable potential. With production of 5.1 million tonnes mean capture fisheries production has reached 79.6%. While international commitments in CCRF (Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries) arranged for fishing does not exceed 80% of the sustainable potential. In general water or fresh water, capture fisheries

Sea Water Aquarium. As we move past the deadline and brackish water aquarium, we get into shape really seawater. When we go over that, a whole new world opens, fish and invertebrates. has a stunning color that we often hold my breath. Most of these creatures come from the coral reef environment, and as well we admit it or not, we are all captivated by the beautiful underwater scenery of the tropics, it is not surprising, and completely understandable, that so many new aquarium owners fell in love with the concept has a miniature coral reef with all its glory. However, before plunging straight practice. there are some important questions that need to be considered. For example, coral animals and plants derived from one of the most stable habitats known to man, and creatures that have evolved over the long term so as to adjust.  There are three main types of marine aquarium. 1. aquarium fish only, consists of a selection of fish species that can live together in harmony. 2. aquarium inve

The shape of the tail fin fish. The above picture shows that the spherical shape of a fish tail. examples of the types of fish that have a rounded tail shape is catfish.

comet goldfish. fish comet is a kind of fish that have a variety of colors. This fish reared in ponds or tanks. pisciculture is generally carried out at the pool made of walls. These fish include fish omnivorous (eating everything).

Koi Fish Koi are ornamental fish are widely kept in freshwater ponds. for ornamental fish hobbyists, koi fish serve as the mainstay of ornamental fish. why koi fish serve as the mainstay because these fish have a high value. conditions suitable for pond maintenance koi fish that pond wall with clear water.

Fish yellow-headed jawfish Opistognathus aurifrons These fish species like to live in burrows, on reasonable grounds in the form of fine sand or gravel. This fish spends most of his time was in the sand with the half body outside and half his body again in burrows or hovering over the canal. when the substrates area wide enough so some of this tail can be maintained in the same aquarium. details of the type: size of 12.5 cm (5 inches) in natural fish size is typically smaller than the fish inside the aquarium. the origin of this fish: The tropical Atlantic west Breeding: jawfish relatively easy to lay eggs in the aquarium. The males will keep the eggs in his mouth.

Water quality that meets the requirements for aquaculture hatchery catfish ( Clarias batrachus Linn. ) Ground water for spawning and rearing seed - Temperature: 25-32 degrees Celsius - Suspended solids: maximum 400 mg / l - Turbidity: a maximum of 50 NTU - Dissolved oxygen: up to 5 mg / l - Carbon Dioxide: Maximum 12 mg / l - PH: 6.5 to 8.5 - Ammonia Total: maximum of 1 mg / l total ammonia - Nitrite: maximum 0.1 mg / l - Alkalinity: minimum 0.1 mg / l - Total hardness: minimum 20 mg / l CaCO3 Surface water for the maintenance of the prospective parent and parent - Temperature: 26-32 degrees Celsius - Suspended solids: maximum 600 mg / l - Turbidity: 250 NTU maximum - Dissolved oxygen: up to 5 mg / l - Carbon Dioxide: Maximum 12 mg / l - PH: 6.5 to 8.5 - Ammonia Total: maximum of 1 mg / l total ammonia - Nitrite: maximum 0.2 mg / l - Alkalinity: Minimum of 50 mg / l - Total hardness: minimum 20 mg / l CaCO3

decorative fish Blue Damsel ( Chrysiptera cyanea ) This fish is one of the few blue damsel and a blue-and-yellow are available. Blue damsel fish have aggressive and tough character, especially in defending its territory. Blue damsel fish usually live alone or in small groups in the aquarium. Size of about 6 cm (2 ¼ inches). Blue damsel fish comes from the Pacific Ocean to the west and the eastern part of the Indian ocean. These fish spawn on the substrate, the temperature of the water for maintenance is 26 degrees Celsius

Sailfin Molly (Poecilia latipinna, P. velifera) This type looks like from the outside, but P. velifera, which is also more precise, known as the Yucatan Molly, much bigger. In a population of P. latipinna in nature, not all males have the characteristics such as screen width fin (Sailfin). Both types of interbreeding and as a result a lot of variation in the aquarium that appears. DETAILS OF. Size: P. latipinna: male about 10 cm (4 inches); female 12 cm (4 3 / 4inci) P. velifera: males up to 15 cm (6 inches); female 18 cm (7 inches). The origin: P. latipinna: Carolina, Virginia, Texas, Florida, and the Atlantic coast of Mexico. P. elifera: Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico Ease maintained Easy to moderate direction. Children breeding: fish in large quantities (up to 140 head) every 6-10 weeks is not rare. AQUARIUM MAINTENANCE. Water: Water-base, hardness medium containing 5-10 percent salt sea water is preferred. Temperature: 23-28 ° C 73-82 ° F, with temperatures approaching the upper lim

Management of fish feed. In aquaculture, feed is an important component that requires a lot of costs for procurement. Feed directly influence the growth rate of farmed fish 1. Fish Food Nutrition. Quality feed nutritionally complete and balanced. Fish feed must contain protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals in sufficient quantities and qualify the needs of fish. a. Protein. Proteins are complex organic compounds are composed of many amino acid protein can be derived from plants and animals. Proteins of vegetable plants are usually more difficult to digest fish because wrapped cellulose. The content of amino acids in vegetable protein is less complete so need to be supplemented with animal protein. Protein is the most important element in the feed. The main function of protein for fish metabolism is acting as a network builder body, replacing damaged tissue, plays a role in reproduction, the main constituent component of enzymes and hormones, and plays a role in metabolic p

fish pond embankment. Calm water fish pond has many important components, such as a fish pond dike. Fish pond dike made with a trapezoidal shape is wider bottom. This meant that not prone to landslides. The slope of the embankment should be no more than 45, to make the pond needs to be done hoeing the middle, move the soil to the edge, forming dikes. To prevent landslides embankment cliff, cliffs can be planted with grass (Cynodon dactilon). rearing pond depth is 100-150 cm. The water level of the bottom of the pool can be set from a height of 50-120 cm, depending on seed size and stocking density. When the fish have started great with a dense population, the water level can be expanded up to 120 cm.

Seeds of fish to be stocked and cultivated in ponds, floating net cages and cages should be checked beforehand health. In the selection of fish to be stocked seeds should be healthy and have the same size so that growth can be together until the harvest. Some criteria for healthy fish seed is as follows: A. Having the same size and brightly colored B. when the fish move in the water, the fish must be agile and nimble C. The fish should be healthy and free from germs D. fish seed should be complete no defects and injuries due to transport or pathogen infection. E. The position of the body in the normal water F. If the water in the container is rotated, fish will be swimming against the tide turns.

Physical characteristics coral trout grouper Body elongated fish and upright on the head, body and the central part of the fin gray colored green, red or orange-reddish brown with spots have dark blue spots on the edges. At the head has a diameter of freckles freckles eyes or greater on the coral grouper melody generally rough spots of blue spots on the body elliptical but instead on the coral grouper smooth melody freckle freckle has a rounded shape and smaller in size. Freckle spots located at the rear of the body has a round shape and small size while the bottom of the head and the body does not have blue spots but there is a blue dot on the base of its pectoral fins. At the end of the tail fin grouper sunu flat shape of the fin tip there is a white line while the dorsal fin spines, there are as many as seven to eight

koi fish. koi fish is a species of freshwater fish, koi fish live in the crystal clear waters. koi fish including ornamental fish are widely kept as a fish that has a high value. color of koi fish are very diverse kinds. water quality standards for the maintenance of koi fish is temperature 20-25 degrees Celsius. 7-8 pH, dissolved oxygen is greater than 5 mg / liter, NH3 less than 0.02 mg / liter, turbidity 40-60 cm, carbon dioxide 2-11 mg / liter, less than 0.05 ppm nitrite, alkalinity greater of 20 mg / liter, total hardness greater than 20 mg / liter.

goldfish with beautiful colors. The fish used as a pet fish at home. goldfish live in freshwater with clear water conditions, a lot of oxygen and low temperatures. the goldfish with a beautiful color is very entertaining owner, goldfish are not used as food.

comet ornamental fish, this fish is a type of carp that live in fresh water, these fish have a variety of colors, the dominant colors are red, white, yellow, black. many kept in a private pool near the residence. This fish food in the form of artificial feed mill.